Ubuntu 16.04 系统(解释器为 python3.12)在Pycharm虚拟环境中安装 pyspider 爬虫工具

一:安装步骤
步骤1. 系统Terminal命令行执行如下命令安装依赖的组件 PhantomJS

$ wget https://bitbucket.org/ariya/phantomjs/downloads/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
 $ sudo tar -xvf phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/
 $ sudo ln -s /usr/local/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64/bin/phantomjs /usr/local/bin/phantomjs
 $ phantomjs --version

步骤2. 系统Terminal命令行执行如下命令安装其他依赖包

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install libcurl4-openssl-dev backports

步骤3. pyspider 依赖的 tornado 库在 Python 3.12 环境下需要 backports.ssl_match_hostname 模块，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。需通过pycharm的Terminal中执行如下命令解决

$ pip install backports.ssl_match_hostname

步骤4（可选）. pyspider 在 Python 3.12 环境中运行时存在兼容性问题。附件中是已修复好兼容问题的终版压缩包[ubuntu16.04(python3.12解释器)下pyspider兼容性修复完后的.tar.gz]，可以直接解压使用。然后进行步骤6（前提是先通过pip install强制安装了异常版本 pip install --force-reinstall pyspider），如果想自己一步步修改源码，可跳过此步，参考"步骤5.兼容问题修复"
点击下载压缩包：

步骤5. 兼容问题修复。pyspider 在 Python 3.12 环境中运行时存在兼容性问题。这是由于 Python 3.12 对部分旧模块进行了移除或者调整，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动，需要做如下修改
5.1 兼容问题1：Python3 中的 async 已经变成了关键字。需将源码中 async 替换成其他变量，

如：将下面位置的 async 改为 mark_async

pyspider/run.py 的231行、245行(两个)、365行
 pyspider/webui/app.py 的95行
 pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py 的81行、89行(两个)、95行、117行

    5.2 兼容问题2：部分旧模块进行了移除或者调整，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。需通过如下步骤手动修改pyspider代码来解决兼容性问题
       a). 修复 UserDict 和 Mapping 导入问题：
       把 pyspider/libs/counter.py 文件里的python代码第14行：

try:
 from UserDict import DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections import Mapping as DictMixin

改成：

try:
 from collections import UserDict as DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections.abc import Mapping as DictMixin

把 pyspider/scheduler/task_queue.py 文件里的python代码第12行

try:
 from UserDict import DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections import Mapping as DictMixin

改成：

try:
 from collections import UserDict as DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections.abc import Mapping as DictMixin

       b). 修复 imp 模块缺失问题：
       把 pyspider/processor/project_module.py 文件中的python代码第11行：

import imp

改成：

import importlib.util

       c). 修复 MutableMapping 导入问题：
       tornado 库引用MutableMapping出现错误，可修改 tornado/httputil.py 文件中的python代码第106行：

class HTTPHeaders(collections.MutableMapping):

改成：

class HTTPHeaders(collections.abc.MutableMapping):

    5.3 兼容问题3：pyspider 在 Python 3.12 环境下运行时存在兼容性问题，fractions模块已被移除，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。修改如下将 fractions 替换成 math
       a). pyspider/libs/base_handler.py的python代码第12行空白行新增

import math

b).修改 pyspider/libs/base_handler.py的python代码将其中的第115行

min_tick = fractions.gcd(min_tick, each.tick)

改成：

min_tick = math.gcd(min_tick, each.tick)

   5.4 兼容问题4：pyspider 使用的 Flask 版本不兼容。pyspider 是基于 Flask 旧版本开发的，而新版本（如 Flask 2.3+）移除了 before_first_request 装饰器，需进行如下修改
       修改 pyspider/webui/debug.py的python代码将其中的第 64 行

@app.before_first_request
 def enable_projects_import():
 sys.meta_path.append(ProjectFinder(app.config['projectdb']))

改成：

@app.before_request
 def enable_projects_import():
 if not hasattr(app, '_got_first_request'):
 app._got_first_request = True
 sys.meta_path.append(ProjectFinder(app.config['projectdb']))

    5.5 兼容问题5：pyspider 的 WebDAV 模块在 Python 3.12 环境下存在兼容性问题。
       a) 在 Python 3.12 中，抽象基类（ABC）的检查变得更加严格，ScriptProvider 类没有实现其基类要求的所有抽象方法。修改如下
       修改 pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第165行

class ScriptProvider(DAVProvider):
 def __init__(self, app):
 super(ScriptProvider, self).__init__()
 self.app = app
 def __repr__(self):
 return "pyspiderScriptProvider"
 def getResourceInst(self, path, environ):
 path = os.path.normpath(path).replace('\\', '/')
 if path in ('/', '.', ''):
 path = '/'
 return RootCollection(path, environ, self.app)
 else:
 return ScriptResource(path, environ, self.app)

改为：

class ScriptProvider(DAVProvider):
 def __init__(self, app):
 super(ScriptProvider, self).__init__()
 self.app = app
 def __repr__(self):
 return "pyspiderScriptProvider"
 def getResourceInst(self, path, environ):
 path = os.path.normpath(path).replace('\\', '/')
 if path in ('/', '.', ''):
 path = '/'
 return RootCollection(path, environ, self.app)
 else:
 return ScriptResource(path, environ, self.app)
 # 添加缺失的抽象方法实现
 def get_resource_inst(self, path, environ):
 return ScriptResource(path, self, environ)

        b) WsgiDAV 库的配置格式发生了改变，domaincontroller 选项已被弃用，需要使用 http_authenticator.domain_controller 替代。修改如下
       修改 pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第207行

config = DEFAULT_CONFIG.copy()
 config.update({
 'mount_path': '/dav',
 'provider_mapping': {
 '/': ScriptProvider(app)
 },
 'domaincontroller': NeedAuthController(app),
 'verbose': 1 if app.debug else 0,
 'dir_browser': {'davmount': False,
 'enable': True,
 'msmount': False,
 'response_trailer': ''},
 })
 dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)

改成：

config = DEFAULT_CONFIG.copy()
 config.update({
 'mount_path': '/dav',
 'provider_mapping': {
 '/': ScriptProvider(app)
 },
 # 更新认证配置
 "http_authenticator": {
 "domain_controller": NeedAuthController, # 移动到 http_authenticator 下
 "accept_basic": True,
 "accept_digest": False,
 "default_to_digest": False,
 },
 'verbose': 1 if app.debug else 0,
 'dir_browser': {'davmount': False,
 'enable': True,
 'msmount': False,
 'response_trailer': ''},
 })
 dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)

       c) WsgiDAV 的认证控制器接口发生变化，存在兼容性问题，修改如下
       修改 pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第186行：

class NeedAuthController(object):
 def __init__(self, app):
 self.app = app
 def getDomainRealm(self, inputRelativeURL, environ):
 return 'need auth'
 def requireAuthentication(self, realmname, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)
 def isRealmUser(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username')
 def getRealmUserPassword(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 def authDomainUser(self, realmname, username, password, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username') \
 and password == self.app.config.get('webui_password')

改成：

class NeedAuthController(object):
 def __init__(self, app, config=None):
 self.app = app
 # 处理额外的config参数，使其兼容WsgiDAV的初始化方式
 if config is not None:
 self.config = config
 else:
 # 如果config未提供，尝试从app中获取
 self.config = app.config.get("http_authenticator", {})
 
 def getDomainRealm(self, inputRelativeURL, environ):
 return 'need auth'
 def requireAuthentication(self, realmname, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)
 def isRealmUser(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username')
 def getRealmUserPassword(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 def authDomainUser(self, realmname, username, password, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username') \
 and password == self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 # 添加WsgiDAV期望的接口方法，转发到原有方法
 def get_domain_realm(self, input_path, environ):
 return self.getDomainRealm(input_path, environ)
 def basic_auth_user(self, realm, user_name, password, environ):
 return self.authDomainUser(realm, user_name, password, environ)
 def supports_http_digest_auth(self):
 return False # 我们不支持摘要认证
 def is_share_anonymous(self, share_path):
 """检查指定的共享路径是否允许匿名访问"""
 # 如果不需要认证，则所有共享都允许匿名访问
 return not self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)

        5.6 兼容问题6：Werkzeug 库版本与 pyspider 不兼容。从 Python 3.12 开始，Werkzeug v2.3.0 及以上版本已经移除了DispatcherMiddleware，将其移至独立的werkzeug.middleware.dispatcher模块中。
       而 pyspider 仍在使用旧的导入方式。修改如下
           修改 pyspider/webui/app.py的python代码第64行

from werkzeug.wsgi import DispatcherMiddleware

改成：

from werkzeug.middleware.dispatcher import DispatcherMiddleware

步骤6. pycharm的Terminal中执行如下命令安装pyspider

$ pip install pyspider

步骤7. Pycharm的Terminal命令行执行如下命令，验证pyspider是否安装成功，打印所示当前安装的pyspider最新版本是 0.3.10

$ pyspider --version
 pyspider, version 0.3.10

步骤8. pycharm的Terminal命令行执行 pyspider 启动 pyspider 网页端控制台，如下打印结果表示成功启动 pyspider，并且启用了5000端口。浏览器可以访问 http://localhost:5000/ 进入PySpider网页控制台爬数据了。

$ pyspider phantomjs fetcher running on port 25555    [I 250515 15:08:09 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...    [I 250515 15:08:10 processor:211] processor starting...    [I 250515 15:08:10 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...    [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...    [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333    [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0    [I 250515 15:08:10 app:76] webui running on 0.0.0.0:5000

步骤9. 如果运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555，原因是25555端口被占用，需要释放端口重新执行步骤8
解决方案：使用 lsof -i 25555查看端口被哪个PID占用，然后用 kill -9 <PID> 释放端口

$ lsof -i :25555
 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
 phantomjs 16615 wanghu 7u IPv4 278700 0t0 TCP *:25555 (LISTEN)
 
 $ kill -9 16615

二：pyspider踩坑过程与解决方案：
1.安装 pyspider 时出现了如下的 ConfigurationError: Could not run curl-config 错误，这是因为系统缺少 curl-devel 或 libcurl 开发库，而 pycurl 依赖这些库来编译。
解决方案：使用如下命令安装 libcurl4-openssl-dev 包（Ubuntu/Debian 系统），它包含了编译 pycurl 所需的 curl-config 工具和头文件

sudo apt install libcurl4-openssl-dev

错误详情：
Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [33 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 230, in configure_unix
        File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/subprocess.py", line 1026, in __init__
          self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/subprocess.py", line 1950, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'curl-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
          main()
        File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in main
          json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 143, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-6by6cyoh/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 331, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-6by6cyoh/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 301, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-6by6cyoh/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 512, in run_setup
          super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-6by6cyoh/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 317, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 1016, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 676, in get_extension
        File "<string>", line 93, in __init__
        File "<string>", line 235, in configure_unix
      ConfigurationError: Could not run curl-config: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'curl-config'
      [end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

2. 安装完pyspider后在Terminal中输入 pyspider命令运行后出现如下错误，是因为Python3 中的 async 已经变成了关键字。
解决方案：将 async 替换成其他变量，如将下面位置的 async 改为 mark_async

pyspider/run.py 的231行、245行(两个)、365行
 pyspider/webui/app.py 的95行
 pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py 的81行、89行(两个)、95行、117行

错误详情：
$ pyspider
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 5, in <module>
    from pyspider.run import main
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 231
    async=True, get_object=False, no_input=False):
    ^^^^^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

3. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现如下错误，是因为pyspider 在 Python 3.12 环境中运行时存在兼容性问题。这是由于 Python 3.12 对部分旧模块进行了移除或者调整，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。
解决方案：通过如下步骤手动修改pyspider代码来解决兼容性问题
a). 修复 UserDict 和 Mapping 导入问题：
把 pyspider/libs/counter.py 文件里的python代码第14行：

try:
 from UserDict import DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections import Mapping as DictMixin

改成：

try:
 from collections import UserDict as DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections.abc import Mapping as DictMixin

把 pyspider/scheduler/task_queue.py 文件里的python代码第12行

try:
 from UserDict import DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections import Mapping as DictMixin

改成：

try:
 from collections import UserDict as DictMixin
 except ImportError:
 from collections.abc import Mapping as DictMixin

b). 修复 imp 模块缺失问题：
把 pyspider/processor/project_module.py 文件中的python代码第11行：

import imp

改成：

import importlib.util

c). 修复 MutableMapping 导入问题：
tornado 库引用MutableMapping出现错误，可修改 tornado/httputil.py 文件中的python代码第106行：

class HTTPHeaders(collections.MutableMapping):

改成：

class HTTPHeaders(collections.abc.MutableMapping):

错误详情：

$ pyspider
[W 250515 11:30:54 run:413] phantomjs not found, continue running without it.
[I 250515 11:30:56 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Process Process-5:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/counter.py", line 14, in <module>
    from UserDict import DictMixin
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'UserDict'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 314, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 108, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 192, in scheduler
    Scheduler = load_cls(None, None, scheduler_cls)
                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/scheduler/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .scheduler import Scheduler, OneScheduler, ThreadBaseScheduler # NOQA
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/scheduler/scheduler.py", line 19, in <module>
    from pyspider.libs import counter, utils
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/counter.py", line 16, in <module>
    from collections import Mapping as DictMixin
ImportError: cannot import name 'Mapping' from 'collections' (/usr/local/lib/python3.12/collections/__init__.py)
Process Process-4:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 314, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 108, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 236, in fetcher
    Fetcher = load_cls(None, None, fetcher_cls)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .tornado_fetcher import Fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py", line 21, in <module>
    import tornado.httputil
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/httputil.py", line 106, in <module>
    class HTTPHeaders(collections.MutableMapping):
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'
Process Process-3:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 314, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 108, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 273, in processor
    Processor = load_cls(None, None, processor_cls)
                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/processor/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .processor import ProcessorResult, Processor
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/processor/processor.py", line 20, in <module>
    from .project_module import ProjectManager, ProjectFinder
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/processor/project_module.py", line 11, in <module>
    import imp
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'imp'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 333, in webui
    app = load_cls(None, None, webui_instance)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from . import app, index, debug, task, result, login
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 17, in <module>
    from pyspider.fetcher import tornado_fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .tornado_fetcher import Fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py", line 21, in <module>
    import tornado.httputil
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/httputil.py", line 106, in <module>
    class HTTPHeaders(collections.MutableMapping):
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: module 'collections' has no attribute 'MutableMapping'

4. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现如下import backports.ssl_match_hostname ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'backports'错误，是因为pyspider 依赖的 tornado 库在 Python 3.12 环境下需要 backports.ssl_match_hostname 模块，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。
解决方案：
backports.ssl_match_hostname 模块缺失问题，可通过pycharm的Terminal中执行如下命令解决

$ pip install backports.ssl_match_hostname

补充： Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555 属于端口占用问题，将其他问题都解决了再处理此问题

错误详情：
$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 12:54:49 processor:211] processor starting...
Process Process-4:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 314, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/multiprocessing/process.py", line 108, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 236, in fetcher
    Fetcher = load_cls(None, None, fetcher_cls)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .tornado_fetcher import Fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py", line 31, in <module>
    from tornado.simple_httpclient import SimpleAsyncHTTPClient
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/simple_httpclient.py", line 8, in <module>
    from tornado.http1connection import HTTP1Connection, HTTP1ConnectionParameters
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/http1connection.py", line 30, in <module>
    from tornado import iostream
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/iostream.py", line 40, in <module>
    from tornado.netutil import ssl_wrap_socket, ssl_match_hostname, SSLCertificateError, _client_ssl_defaults, _server_ssl_defaults
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/netutil.py", line 56, in <module>
    import backports.ssl_match_hostname
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'backports'
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 333, in webui
    app = load_cls(None, None, webui_instance)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from . import app, index, debug, task, result, login
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 17, in <module>
    from pyspider.fetcher import tornado_fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .tornado_fetcher import Fetcher
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/fetcher/tornado_fetcher.py", line 31, in <module>
    from tornado.simple_httpclient import SimpleAsyncHTTPClient
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/simple_httpclient.py", line 8, in <module>
    from tornado.http1connection import HTTP1Connection, HTTP1ConnectionParameters
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/http1connection.py", line 30, in <module>
    from tornado import iostream
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/iostream.py", line 40, in <module>
    from tornado.netutil import ssl_wrap_socket, ssl_match_hostname, SSLCertificateError, _client_ssl_defaults, _server_ssl_defaults
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/tornado/netutil.py", line 56, in <module>
    import backports.ssl_match_hostname
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'backports'

5. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现如下错误信息AttributeError: module 'fractions' has no attribute 'gcd'，是因为pyspider 在 Python 3.12 环境下运行时存在兼容性问题，fractions模块已被移除，而 pyspider 尚未完全适配这些改动。

解决方案：
a). pyspider/libs/base_handler.py的python代码第12行空白行新增

import math

b).修改 pyspider/libs/base_handler.py的python代码将其中的第115行

min_tick = fractions.gcd(min_tick, each.tick)

改成：

min_tick = math.gcd(min_tick, each.tick)

错误详情：

$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 333, in webui
    app = load_cls(None, None, webui_instance)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from . import app, index, debug, task, result, login
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/debug.py", line 22, in <module>
    from pyspider.libs import utils, sample_handler, dataurl
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/sample_handler.py", line 9, in <module>
    class Handler(BaseHandler):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/base_handler.py", line 115, in __new__
    min_tick = fractions.gcd(min_tick, each.tick)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: module 'fractions' has no attribute 'gcd'

6. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现如下Flask 兼容性问题错误信息（AttributeError: 'QuitableFlask' object has no attribute 'before_first_request'），这个错误是因为 pyspider 使用的 Flask 版本不兼容。pyspider 是基于 Flask 旧版本开发的，而新版本（如 Flask 2.3+）移除了 before_first_request 装饰器

解决方案：
修改 pyspider/webui/debug.py的python代码将其中的第 64 行

@app.before_first_request
 def enable_projects_import():
 sys.meta_path.append(ProjectFinder(app.config['projectdb']))

改成：

@app.before_request
 def enable_projects_import():
 if not hasattr(app, '_got_first_request'):
 app._got_first_request = True
 sys.meta_path.append(ProjectFinder(app.config['projectdb']))

错误详情：

$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 13:42:09 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 13:42:09 processor:211] processor starting...
[I 250515 13:42:09 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 13:42:09 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
[I 250515 13:42:10 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 13:42:10 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 333, in webui
    app = load_cls(None, None, webui_instance)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 48, in load_cls
    return utils.load_object(value)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/libs/utils.py", line 369, in load_object
    module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [object_name])
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from . import app, index, debug, task, result, login
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/debug.py", line 64, in <module>
    @app.before_first_request
     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'QuitableFlask' object has no attribute 'before_first_request'. Did you mean: '_got_first_request'?
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555

7. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误 TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class ScriptProvider without an implementation for abstract method 'get_resource_inst' ，原因是pyspider 的 WebDAV 模块在 Python 3.12 环境下存在兼容性问题。在 Python 3.12 中，抽象基类（ABC）的检查变得更加严格，ScriptProvider 类没有实现其基类要求的所有抽象方法。

解决方案：
修改pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第165行

class ScriptProvider(DAVProvider):
 def __init__(self, app):
 super(ScriptProvider, self).__init__()
 self.app = app
 def __repr__(self):
 return "pyspiderScriptProvider"
 def getResourceInst(self, path, environ):
 path = os.path.normpath(path).replace('\\', '/')
 if path in ('/', '.', ''):
 path = '/'
 return RootCollection(path, environ, self.app)
 else:
 return ScriptResource(path, environ, self.app)

改为：

class ScriptProvider(DAVProvider):
 def __init__(self, app):
 super(ScriptProvider, self).__init__()
 self.app = app
 def __repr__(self):
 return "pyspiderScriptProvider"
 def getResourceInst(self, path, environ):
 path = os.path.normpath(path).replace('\\', '/')
 if path in ('/', '.', ''):
 path = '/'
 return RootCollection(path, environ, self.app)
 else:
 return ScriptResource(path, environ, self.app)
 # 添加缺失的抽象方法实现
 def get_resource_inst(self, path, environ):
 return ScriptResource(path, self, environ)

错误详情：
$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:05:24 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:05:24 processor:211] processor starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:05:25 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
[I 250515 14:05:25 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
[I 250515 14:05:25 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
[I 250515 14:05:25 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:05:25 app:84] webui exiting...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 384, in webui
    app.run(host=host, port=port)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 59, in run
    from .webdav import dav_app
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/webdav.py", line 207, in <module>
    '/': ScriptProvider(app)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class ScriptProvider without an implementation for abstract method 'get_resource_inst'

8. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误 ValueError: Invalid configuration: - Deprecated option 'domaincontroller': use 'http_authenticator.domain_controller' instead.，原因是 WsgiDAV 库的配置格式发生了改变，domaincontroller 选项已被弃用，需要使用 http_authenticator.domain_controller 替代。

解决方案：
将pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第207行

config = DEFAULT_CONFIG.copy()
 config.update({
 'mount_path': '/dav',
 'provider_mapping': {
 '/': ScriptProvider(app)
 },
 'domaincontroller': NeedAuthController(app),
 'verbose': 1 if app.debug else 0,
 'dir_browser': {'davmount': False,
 'enable': True,
 'msmount': False,
 'response_trailer': ''},
 })
 dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)

改成：

config = DEFAULT_CONFIG.copy()
 config.update({
 'mount_path': '/dav',
 'provider_mapping': {
 '/': ScriptProvider(app)
 },
 # 更新认证配置
 "http_authenticator": {
 "domain_controller": NeedAuthController, # 移动到 http_authenticator 下
 "accept_basic": True,
 "accept_digest": False,
 "default_to_digest": False,
 },
 'verbose': 1 if app.debug else 0,
 'dir_browser': {'davmount': False,
 'enable': True,
 'msmount': False,
 'response_trailer': ''},
 })
 dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)

错误详情：
$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:14:01 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:14:01 processor:211] processor starting...
[I 250515 14:14:01 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:14:01 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
[I 250515 14:14:01 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
[I 250515 14:14:01 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:14:01 app:84] webui exiting...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 384, in webui
    app.run(host=host, port=port)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 59, in run
    from .webdav import dav_app
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/webdav.py", line 220, in <module>
    dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wsgidav/wsgidav_app.py", line 155, in __init__
    _check_config(config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wsgidav/wsgidav_app.py", line 129, in _check_config
    raise ValueError("Invalid configuration:\n - " + "\n - ".join(errors))
ValueError: Invalid configuration:
- Deprecated option 'domaincontroller': use 'http_authenticator.domain_controller' instead.

9. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误”TypeError: NeedAuthController.__init__() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given“，原因是WsgiDAV 的认证控制器接口发生变化，存在兼容性问题

解决方案：
pyspider/webui/webdav.py的python代码第186行：

class NeedAuthController(object):
 def __init__(self, app):
 self.app = app
 def getDomainRealm(self, inputRelativeURL, environ):
 return 'need auth'
 def requireAuthentication(self, realmname, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)
 def isRealmUser(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username')
 def getRealmUserPassword(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 def authDomainUser(self, realmname, username, password, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username') \
 and password == self.app.config.get('webui_password')

改成：

class NeedAuthController(object):
 def __init__(self, app, config=None):
 self.app = app
 # 处理额外的config参数，使其兼容WsgiDAV的初始化方式
 if config is not None:
 self.config = config
 else:
 # 如果config未提供，尝试从app中获取
 self.config = app.config.get("http_authenticator", {})
 
 def getDomainRealm(self, inputRelativeURL, environ):
 return 'need auth'
 def requireAuthentication(self, realmname, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)
 def isRealmUser(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username')
 def getRealmUserPassword(self, realmname, username, environ):
 return self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 def authDomainUser(self, realmname, username, password, environ):
 return username == self.app.config.get('webui_username') \
 and password == self.app.config.get('webui_password')
 # 添加WsgiDAV期望的接口方法，转发到原有方法
 def get_domain_realm(self, input_path, environ):
 return self.getDomainRealm(input_path, environ)
 def basic_auth_user(self, realm, user_name, password, environ):
 return self.authDomainUser(realm, user_name, password, environ)
 def supports_http_digest_auth(self):
 return False # 我们不支持摘要认证
 def is_share_anonymous(self, share_path):
 """检查指定的共享路径是否允许匿名访问"""
 # 如果不需要认证，则所有共享都允许匿名访问
 return not self.app.config.get('need_auth', False)

错误详情：

$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:42:21 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:42:21 processor:211] processor starting...
[I 250515 14:42:21 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:42:21 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
[I 250515 14:42:21 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
[I 250515 14:42:21 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:42:21 app:84] webui exiting...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 384, in webui
    app.run(host=host, port=port)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 59, in run
    from .webdav import dav_app
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/webdav.py", line 226, in <module>
    dav_app = WsgiDAVApp(config)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wsgidav/wsgidav_app.py", line 257, in __init__
    app = mw(self, self.application, config)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wsgidav/http_authenticator.py", line 140, in __init__
    dc = make_domain_controller(wsgidav_app, config)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wsgidav/http_authenticator.py", line 111, in make_domain_controller
    dc = dc(wsgidav_app, config)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
TypeError: NeedAuthController.__init__() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555

10. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误ImportError: cannot import name 'DispatcherMiddleware' from 'werkzeug.wsgi'，原因是 Werkzeug 库版本与 pyspider 不兼容。从 Python 3.12 开始，Werkzeug v2.3.0 及以上版本已经移除了DispatcherMiddleware，将其移至独立的werkzeug.middleware.dispatcher模块中。而 pyspider 仍在使用旧的导入方式。

解决方案：
修改 pyspider/webui/app.py的python代码第64行

from werkzeug.wsgi import DispatcherMiddleware

改成：

from werkzeug.middleware.dispatcher import DispatcherMiddleware

错误详情：

$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:58:59 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:58:59 processor:211] processor starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:58:59 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
[I 250515 14:58:59 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
[I 250515 14:58:59 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
[I 250515 14:58:59 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 14:59:00 app:84] webui exiting...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/bin/pyspider", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 754, in main
    cli()
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1442, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1363, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1808, in invoke
    rv = super().invoke(ctx)
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1226, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 165, in cli
    ctx.invoke(all)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 497, in all
    ctx.invoke(webui, **webui_config)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/core.py", line 794, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 34, in new_func
    return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/run.py", line 384, in webui
    app.run(host=host, port=port)
File "/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pyspider/webui/app.py", line 64, in run
    from werkzeug.wsgi import DispatcherMiddleware
ImportError: cannot import name 'DispatcherMiddleware' from 'werkzeug.wsgi' (/home/wanghu/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/werkzeug/wsgi.py)
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555

11. 再次尝试运行 pyspider 命令，出现错误Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555，原因是25555端口被占用，需要释放端口重新执行 pyspider 命令
解决方案：使用 lsof -i 25555查看端口被哪个PID占用，然后用 kill -9 <PID> 释放端口后再重新执行 pyspider 命令。看到如下打印结果表示成功启动 pyspider，并且启用了5000端口。浏览器可以访问 http://localhost:5000/ 进入PySpider网页控制台爬数据了。

$ lsof -i :25555
 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
 phantomjs 16615 wanghu 7u IPv4 278700 0t0 TCP *:25555 (LISTEN)
 
 (.venv) wanghu@td-1:~/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas$ kill -9 16615
 (.venv) wanghu@td-1:~/PycharmProjects/PythonProject/getHarmonyVideoDatas$ pyspider
 phantomjs fetcher running on port 25555
 [I 250515 15:08:09 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
 [I 250515 15:08:10 processor:211] processor starting...
 [I 250515 15:08:10 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
 [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
 [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
 [I 250515 15:08:10 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
 [I 250515 15:08:10 app:76] webui running on 0.0.0.0:5000

错误详情：

$ pyspider
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 15:06:48 result_worker:49] result_worker starting...
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 15:06:49 processor:211] processor starting...
[I 250515 15:06:49 tornado_fetcher:638] fetcher starting...
[I 250515 15:06:49 scheduler:647] scheduler starting...
[I 250515 15:06:49 scheduler:782] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 127.0.0.1:23333
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 15:06:49 scheduler:586] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
Error: Could not create web server listening on port 25555
[I 250515 15:06:49 app:76] webui running on 0.0.0.0:5000

Ubuntu 16.04 系统(解释器为 python3.12)在Pycharm虚拟环境中安装 pyspider 爬虫工具

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